延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换.doc

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。,如: learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+ 一段时间,如: for 2years ,for along time; since 从句,如: since hecame here; since+ 时间点名词,如: since last year, since 5days ago; how long 等。请看例句 has lived here for 6years. 请看例句 can keep the book for 5days. 请看例句 stayed there for 2weeks last year. 请看例句 long did you stay there last year? 请看例句 brother has joined the army for two years .(误) Mybrother has been asoldier for two years .(正) 我哥哥自 1999 年就参军了。请看例句 brother has joined the army since 1999 .(误) Mybrother has been asoldier since 1999 (正) 你哥哥参军多久了? 请看例句 long has your brother joined the army ?(误) How long has your brother been asoldier ?(正) 、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作, 这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die, close, begin(start), finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago; at 5o'clock; 请看例句 Hedied 5years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。请看例句 haven't left here for 3years. 请看例句 haven't heard from him for 3weeks. : leave →beaway 离开;borrow →keep 借;buy →have 买;begin/start → beon开始/上演;die →bedead;finish /end /stop →beover 结束/完成;join →bein+ 组织机构或 beamember of+ 组织机构; open/close sth → keep sth open/closed ;fall ill →beill ;get up→beup;catch /get acold →have acold 感冒; come here →behere ;gothere →bethere ; e →be成为; come back →beback ;fall asleep →beasleep 睡着; get to/ arrive/reach →be(in) ;leave →beaway from ;get toknow → know ;go(get) out →beout ;put on→wear ;catch acold →have acold; gotoschool →beinschool /beastudent 上学;goabroad →beabroa d 去国外;marry →bemarried (to)结婚;wake up→beawake 醒;make friends with →befriends with 成为/交朋友;lose →belost /bemissing /be gone 丢失;lose one's job /work →beout ofwork /ajob 等。请看例句 old man died 4years ago. →The old man has been dead for 4years. →Itis4years since the old man died. →Four years has passed since the old man die