东北传统民居文化生态研究.pdf

Classified Index: .:728 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Architecture RESEARCH ON CULTURAL ECOLOGY OF NORTHEAST TRADITIONAL DWELLINGS Candidate: Chang Hui Supervisor: Prof. Zhou Lijun Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Architecture Speciality: Architecture Design and Theory Affiliation: School of Architecture Date of Defence: December,2012 Degree-Conferring-Institution: Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学建筑学硕士学位论文-I- 摘要传统民居作为一种独特的建筑类型,并不是孤立存在的,而是其所在的当地独特自然和社会环境共同作用和影响下产生的建筑物。独特的自然气候特征、多样的民族风俗和社会文化传统赋予了东北传统民居建筑区别于中国其它地区传统民居建筑的独特形式和文化内涵。在漫长的社会发展进程中,民居所蕴含的文化特征也随着居住文化、民族文化等的发展在不断演变着。以往的东北传统民居文化的研究主要还停留在从某一文化的视角去研究民居的形态,譬如单独的从民族文化、民俗文化等方面去审视东北民居的一些特点,并没有系统地将文化阐释为一个大的整体去研究其对东北传统民居的影响。如此一来,难免对民居文化特征的研究过于片面和单一。本文基于文化生态学的视角,从整体的、关联的系统角度去解析东北民居的各项特点与东北地区独特文化的关系,分析得出了东北地区独特的文化生态系特点,并分别分析了具体的文化环境,文化资源和文化生态对东北民居的空间布局、建筑细部和特色行为场所的影响。并论述了满族、朝鲜族等少数民族民居特点和各自的民族文化及居住文化之间的关联, 阐明其生态性。本文在论述的过程中结合实际调研,除了借鉴了文化生态学的研究手段, 还借鉴了环境决定论、文化决定论的相关理论及研究方法,希望为东北传统民居文化的研究拓宽视野,并作为可参考的文献为今后的研究提供理论借鉴。关键词:文化生态;东北传统民居;民族文化;居住文化哈尔滨工业大学建筑学硕士学位论文-II- Abstract Traditional dwellings as a unique type of building, does not exist in isolation, but the local unique natural and social environment interaction and under the influence ofbuildings. Unique natural climate characteristics, diversity of national customs and social cultural tradition gives the northeast traditional residential architecture is distinguished from other parts of China traditional residential architecture unique forms and cultural connotations. In the long process of social development, residential cultural characteristics with the living culture, national cultural development in the constantly evolving. The northeast traditional residential culture research stillstays in from a cultural perspective to study folk forms, such as separate from the national culture, folk culture, to examine northeast residence of some of the features, and no systematic cultural in