山西省生态文明建设.doc

山西省生态文明建设
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
效。例如，太原市为建设生态文明村在全市范围内开展了农村环境综合整治活动。我市环保局局长陈继光介绍，目前全市已有11个县、17个乡镇、58个农村创建成为生态示范区、生态乡镇和生态村。此外，我省还有一些农村地区正在如火如荼的开展“生态文明建设百村竞赛”活动，这在一定程度上调动了农民进行生态文明建设的积极性。
(二) 存在的相关问题
虽然我省在农村生态文明建设中取得了一些成效，但是从总体上看，还存在着许多问题影响着我省农村生态文明建设的进程。具体表现为：
1、农业生产资料使用不合理
由于化肥、农药、地膜等农业生产资料的不合理使用和处置,造成我省农村农业面源污染严重。2011年我省化肥施用量继续增加,化肥的超量使用已经导致我省地表水及地下水污染加剧, 而农药的滥用又导致其在环境及农副产品中的残留现象变得日益严重。据统计，山西农药用量从 1952 年的312 t 猛增至 1980 年的 ×104t,进入 20 世纪 90 年代, 农药用量一直稳定在 2×104t 左右, 种类也由几种上升到 100 多种。[2]而农药利用率低是造成污染的主要原因。一般情况下，喷施的液体农药仅有20%—30%的药剂附着在植物体上, 1%-3%接触目标害虫, 约有 70%-80%的农药直接进入环境。[3]进入空气、土壤、水体环境的农药对农村生态环境和农产品均造成了一定程度的污染, 后果严重。农用地膜的使用虽然在土壤保温、保水、保墒等方面起到了积极的作用, 有利于农作物生长和农业生产, 但随着农用地膜使用量的逐年增加, 其污