车辆工程毕业设计（论文）-乘用车机械式变速器设计.doc

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摘要
变速器用来改变发动机传到驱动轮上的转矩和转速,为了使汽车在不同速度下行驶,变速器应设有多个档位,包括空挡和倒档。机械式手动变速器是传统的汽车传动系统,由于其结构简单、体积小、制造成本低、便于装配和修理,传动效率高等优点,一直沿用至今。作为传动机构的重要部件,对变速器的设计都遵循着统一的目标,那就是力求简单和方便。变速器的性能直接体现出整车性能的高低,特别是燃油经济性的好坏。所以变速器的设计质量的高低一直是汽车行业竞争的焦点。
本设计针对乘用车两轴式机械变速器。根据乘用车的外形、轮距、轴距、最小离地间隙、最小转弯半径、车辆重量、满载重量以及最高车速等参数,结合选择的适合于该乘用车的发动机型号可以得出发动机的最大功率、最大扭矩、排量等重要的参数。结合某些乘用车的基本参数,选择适当的主减速比。根据上述参数,计算出变速器的相关参数,进行合理性的设计。
关键词:变速器;传动机构;传动比;齿轮;轴;同步器

ABSTRACT
To change the engine used to spread transmission of torque and wheel speed, in order to make car travel at different speeds, transmission should be a number of stalls, including neutral and reverse. Mechanical transmission is a traditional manual transmission car, because of its simple structure, small size, low manufacturing cost, ease of assembly and repair, high transmission efficiency, are still in use. Transmission mechanism as an ponent, the design of transmission line with the goal of reunification, it is simple and convenient. Transmission performance of the vehicle directly reflects the level of performance, especially fuel economy is good or bad. Therefore, the design of transmission quality has been the focus petition in the automotive industry.
The design for the two-axis mechanical transmission cars. Form the basis of passenger cars, Tread, wheelbase, minimum ground clearance, minimum turning radius, vehicle weight, loaded weight and parameters such as maximum speed, combined with the suitable selection of the cars engine engine models can be drawn maximum power, maximum torque, displacement and other important parameters. Combination of some basic parameters of passenger cars, to choose the appropriate reduction ratio of the Lord. Based on the above parameters to calculate the transmission of the relevant parameters for a reasonable design.
Key words:Transmission;Transmission mechanism; Transmission ratio;Gear;Axis;Synchronizer
第1章绪论
选题的目的和意义
汽车变速器是汽车传动系的重要组成部分。由于汽油机额定转矩对应的速度范围很小,而复杂的使用条件则要求汽车的驱动力和车速能在相当大的范围内变化,因此要用齿轮传