导医培训课件.ppt

对高三教学的思考
常州市教研室宋德龙
dragonsdl@
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当前高三教学中的主要困惑
基础知识屡讲不会,学生重复犯错现象严重
阅读讲评课如何进行,阅读试题当做精读上还是仅仅答疑解惑?
词汇学习如何有效,默写还是不默写?拓展、累积的词汇如何检测与巩固?
听力如何训练
书面表达的投入与回报如何匹配?
。。。。。。
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有关词汇的解决方案---
精泛词汇分开要求,精读词汇要求在语篇表达上运用,泛读词汇要求在语篇阅读中识记
课堂上多提供运用精读词汇的机会
增加拓展类课程,增加泛读词汇
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plex Process of Reading
Automatic recognition skills
Vocabulary and structural knowledge
Formal discourse structure knowledge
Content / world background knowledge
Synthesis and evaluation skills / strategies
Metacognitive knowledge and skills monitoring
(Grabe 1991, p. 379)
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What Happens in Reading
In reading, “an individual constructs meaning through a transaction with written text that has been created by symbols that represent language. The transaction involves the reader’s acting on or interpreting the text, and the interpretation is influenced by the reader’s past experiences, language background and cultural framework, as well a the reader’s purpose for reading”.
(Hudelson 1994, p. 130)
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The mental process of reading
Recognize and get meaning of the print
Form a mental notion of the topic
Form hypotheses or predictions about what has been read and will be read
Confirm or reject these predictions
what is seen fits --- go on
what is seen unfits --- reformulating predictions

Sampling text --Making hypotheses---Confirming
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When the process breaks down, reader often must reexamine the process being used and must call upon strategies to repair the process and prehension: compensating for a lack of content or language knowledge; changing one’s way of reading: slowing down, rereading or looking for key words.
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Bottom up processing
Externally based processing:
Proceeding from words to grammatical relationships to lexical meanings.
The meaning of the message is arrived at, bottom to top, based on the ing language data.
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Top-down processing
Internal processing:
A bank of prior knowledge and global