词汇学Conversion.ppt

Conversion (转类法)
泊船瓜洲
王安石
京口瓜洲一水间,
钟山只隔数重山。
春风又绿江南岸,
明月何时照我还。
“到”、“过”、“入”、“满”?
百度一下,你就知道
Definition
Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class into another class, i. e. by turning words of one part of speech to those of another part of speech in traditional terms.
conversion can be also called derivation by zero suffix(零位后缀派生法) with the short form zero-derivation(零位派生法)
Categories of Conversion
Conversion to Nouns (转换成名词)
Conversion to Verbs (转换成动词)
Conversion to Adjectives (转换成形容词)
conversion to nouns
Deverbal (动词转化成名词)
De-adjectival (形容词转化成名词)
Miscellaneous Conversion (其他词类的转化)
Deverbal
.
There seems no reason to doubt her story.
verb.
to feel uncertain about sth
There is some doubt about the best way to do it.
noun.
a feeling of being uncertain about sth
Almost all the monomorphemic verbs can be used as nouns,
which are related to the original verbs in various ways
a. State (of mind or sensation)
b. Event or activity
c. Result of the action
d. Doer of the action
e. Tool to do the action with
f. Place of the action
search the activity of searching
cook one who cooks
want what is wanted
dump a place for dumping wastes
wrap used to wrap something
catch what is caught
( b )
( d )
( a )
( f )
( e )
( c )
1 ) nouns converted from simple verbs can be used with “have ,take ,make ,give” and so on
.: have a look ; have a try
2) Nouns converted from phrasal words
A : original order
hand out
B : inverted
flow over
break out
break down
handout
overflow
outbreak
breakdown
(NOT downbreak !!!)
De-adjectival
Republican(s) / the poor

(1) Words fully converted
They can take an indefinite article or (-es) to indicate singular or plural number.
a native / natives
(2) Words partially converted
They must be used together definite articles as nouns while retaining some of the adjective features.
the young / the wounded