《说文解字》误释类型研究.doc

中文摘要《说文解字》是我国最早的一部字典,也是文字学史上一部煌煌巨著,在中国语文学史上占着非常重要的地位。但《说文解字》也有它的历史局限,我们不能把它视为圭臬绝学,把它对每个字的具体分析都视为绝对真理,不可改变。历代学者对《说文解字》中存在的误释问题一直非常重视,纠正、拾补、勘误、商榷之著述甚多。我们通过收集匡补《说文解字》的著述就会发现,它们大多数是对单个字的形、音、义进行考正,而没有对《说文解字》的误释类型进行归纳和总结。本文试图选取典型字例对《说文解字》的误释类型做一次比较系统的梳理和考正。本文根据前贤今人的研究成果,参考各种古文字论著及工具书,全面考察了《说文解字》的误释字800多个,从中选出后世仍有书证的32个典型字例作为考释对象。对于这32个字例,本文不只是归纳其类型,而且还逐个进行形义考正。对于有争议的字例,通过考正其古文字形体,结合各家之言给出倾向性意见;没有争议的,则通过梳理给出定论,从而比较全面地总结出《说文解字》的误释类型。本文归纳出《说文解字》的误释有七种:形义分析全误的;字形分析有误的;字义分析不确的;字例本身的分析都正确,只是对其小篆、或者是古文、籀文的分析有误的;字的归属不确的;将不成字部首作为成字来分析的;引通人说有误的。关键词:《说文解字》,误释,类型,字形,字义‘‘Shuowen Jiezi”is our country’S earliest dictionary,and also is theresplendence work in literature play an important role in the ancientlinguistic we cannot regard as“Shuowen Jiezi”the ancientsundial to give up study,all regards as it to each character concrete analysisutterly truth,cannot attach importance to the question ofmisexplain in“Shuowen Jiezi”,the correction,ascends to make up,thediscussion writings of very correct makes up“Shuowen Jiezi’’thewritings through the collection t??be able to discover that,their majority isto the single character shape,the sound,meaning carries on tests,but not to“Shuowen Jiezi’’releases the type to carry on the conclude and the summaryby article attempts selects the typical character example to“Shuowen Jiezi’’to release the type tO do b