益生菌的功效及其发展.doc

益生菌于人类的健康及其发展
摘要:益生菌是指具有生物活性,摄入适当量时可以对人体产生有益作用的微生物。它们可以直接作为食品添加剂,以维持肠道菌群的平衡。此外,益生菌还有提高免疫力,抗肿瘤作用,延缓机体衰老,预防心血管疾病等作用。益生菌目前以广泛应用于医疗卫生保健,食品发酵等诸多领域。由于益生菌对人体健康的重要作用,目前越来越收到人们的重视,益生菌产品也迅速增多。益生菌的研究在科学基础观察下飞速发展。
关键词:益生菌,保健作用,抗衰老,免疫调节,发展
ABSTRACT: Probiotics are microbes that has biological activity and the appropriate amount of exposure can produce beneficial effects on the human body. they can be directly used as food additives, in order to maintain the balance of intestinal flora. In addition, probiotics also enhance immunity, inhibit tumor generation, delaying aging body, preventing cardiovascular disease｡ Probiotics currently used in medical and health care, food fermentation and many other fields｡Due to the important role Probiotics have on human health that people are now increasingly pay more attentions to the probiotics, the probiotics also rapidly to increase. Probiotics research is progressing rapidly with strong scientific-based observations.
Keywords: Probiotics, Health function, Anti-aging, Immunomodulatory, Develop

20多年以前,益生菌被定义为“一类活的微生物饲料补充,通过改进它小肠微生物的平衡以有利于宿主”【1】。现今益生菌是指一类活的,摄入足够量能对宿主产生有益作用的微生物。它们主要来源于乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌属,存在于许多奶制品及补充物,并且由于对于健康,营养和饮食之间有益联系认识的提高,益生菌正在吸引那些对营养品有兴趣的消费者和研究人员【2】。益生作用则是指某种微生物制剂或发酵制品通过调节宿主黏膜与系统免疫功能以及改善肠道营养与菌群平衡对宿主所产生的有益的生理作用【3】.人们正在寻找更健康的生活方式,并且认为人类的健康与每日摄取的具体的细菌有关,比如说和益生菌有关,人们正在积极寻找证据来支持这个观点。
用于人体的益生菌主要可分为三类:第一类为严格厌氧的双歧杆菌属,如长双歧杆菌。第二类为一般厌氧即耐氧