建筑岩土工程勘察基本术语第二章通用术语岩土工程及有关学科1岩土工程(大地工程、土力工程、土质工学)geotechnicalengineering,geotechnology2土力学soilmechanics3岩石力学rockmechanics4基础工程foundationengineering5工程地质学engineeringgeology6环境工程地质学environmentalengineeringgeology7地震工程学earthquakeengineering8灾害地质学disastergeology,hazardgeololgy9水文地质学(地下水水文学)hydrogeology,(groundwaterhadrology)10地下水动力学groundwaterdynamics11环境水文地质学environmentalhydrogeology12水化学hydrochemistry13水文地球化学hydrogeochemistry14环境地球化学environmentalgeochemistry15同位素地质学isotopegeology16近海工程offshoreengineering17数学地质mathematicalgeology18航空地质aerialgeology19遥感地质remotesensinggeology第二节地球的构造1大气圈atmosphere2水圈hydrosphere3生物圈biosphere4地壳earthcrust5地幔mantle6地核core7岩石圈lithosphere第三节地貌1地貌geomorphologyrelief2地形landform3地貌单元landformunit,geomorphicunit4微地貌microrelief5河漫滩floodplain,valleyflat6冲击平原alluvialplain7三角洲delta8古河道fossilrivercourse,fossilstreamchannel9河流阶地fluvialterrace10冲击扇alluvialfan11洪积扇diluvialfan12坡积裙talusapron13坳沟shallowflatravine14冲沟gully15分水岭divide16喀斯特(岩溶)karst17岩溶基准面karstbase-level18岩溶率degreeofkarstification19岩溶地貌karstlandfeature,karstlandform20溶洞solutioncave,karstcave21落水洞sinkhole22土洞karsticearthcave第四节矿物岩石1黏土矿物claymineral2高岭石kaolinite3蒙脱石montmorillonite4伊利石illite5云母mica6长石feldspar7石英quartz8岩石rock9硬质岩石strongrock10软质岩石weakrock11岩石的结构rockstructure12岩石的构造rocktexture13岩浆岩(火成岩)magmaticrock(igneousrock)14花岗岩granite15流纹岩rhyolite16闪长岩diorite17安山岩andesite18辉长岩gabbro19玄武岩balsat20正长岩syenite21粗面岩trachyte22沉积岩sedimentaryrock23胶结物cement,ia43糜棱岩mylonite44包含物inclusion45充填物fillingmaterial第五节地质构造1地质体geologicalbody2地质构造geologictexture,geologicstructure3产状attitude4走向strike5倾向dip6倾角dipangle7褶曲fold8背斜anticline9向斜syncline10构造盆地structuralbasin11断层fault12正断层normalfault13逆断层reversefault14平移断层transcurrentfault,strike-slipfault15活断层activefault16擦痕面slickensides17断裂rupture,fracture18发震断裂causativefault,seismogenicfault19破碎带fracturezone20节理joint21节理组jointset22节理频数(裂隙度)jointfrequency23裂隙fissure,crack24裂隙率fractureporosity,fissureporosity25极射赤平投影stereographicprojection第六节外力地质作用及其产物1沉积物sediments2冰积物till3分
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