高一英语必修三知识点总结.doc

第一单元
starve
vt.&vi. ( 使)饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需；饿得要死She s starving herself trying to lose weight. 她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。
常用结构：
starve for 渴望得到 ⋯⋯ starve to death 饿 死 be starved of 极需，缺乏
starve sb. into sth./ doing sth. 使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事The plants are starving for water. 这些植物极需要水。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.
The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn ’ t start. starvation n. 挨饿；饿死
belief n. \[C/U\] 信任；信仰，信心
believe vi.&vt. 相信
have belief in sth./sb. 对某物 /某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that ... 相信 ⋯⋯
It is my belief that ... 我相信 ⋯⋯
He has great belief in his doctor. 他对他的医生无比信赖。
She has lost her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝。
gain
n. 获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润
vt. 得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达； （钟、表等）快
He gained full marks in the examination. 他考试得了满分。
For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is. The company has made notable gains in productivity.
My watch gains five minutes a day. 我的表一天快 5 分钟。易混辨析
gain/win/get/earn/acquire
gain 指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而 “获得 ⋯⋯”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。win 含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为 “赢得 ”。get 为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能 “得到 ”。
earn 意为 “赚得 ”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。
acquire 意为 “获得，取得 ”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。
award
vt. 授予，奖给 (后多接双宾语，在多数场合下用被动形式 be awarded); 判定
，奖品；奖金
Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team. He got the highest award in the contest.
award/prize/reward
award 既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而