词汇学第九讲.ppt

(语义关系)?Wordsarearbitrarysymbolsandareindependentidentitiessofarastheirouterfacet---spellingandpronunciation,,allwordsarerelatedinonewayoranother,,--Polysemy(一词多义)--Hyponymy(上下义关系)---semanticinclusionSynonymy(同义关系)---semanticsimilarityAntonymy(反义关系)---semanticoppositionHomonymy(同形或同音异义关系),,itisalwaysmonosemic,butinthecourseofdevelopment,)Diachronicapproach(历时角度)Polysemyisassumedtobetheresultofgrowthanddevelopmentofthesemanticstructureofoneandsameword,wordhastheprimarymeaningwhenfirstlycreatedandthenwiththetimeanddevelopmentoflanguage,moremeaningswillattributetoit,(共时角度)Synchronically,polysemyisviewedasthecoexistenceofvariousmeaningofthesamewordinahistoricalperiodoftime,thebasicmeaningofawordisconsideredtobethecoreofwordmeaning,,nomatterhownumerous,1)Radiation(辐射).Question:canyouanalyzetheradiationofthewordsin“head”,“collar”,“neck”and“bridge”?泵瑶墓星慰礼澄筐坚宵徊杖愤蜘膀骸盐允旧政江咳督阂摸字矿酿狼叙间矿词汇学第九讲词汇学第九讲2)Concatenation(连锁)concatenationmeaning“linkingtogether”,essiveshiftsofmeaning,andthereisnotashadowofconnectionbetweenthesensethatisfinallydevelopedandtheprima