荀子圣人观思想分析研究.pdf

摘要 I 摘 要 荀况是先秦哲学的批判综合者,他在继承前期儒家学说的基础上,集诸家思想、学术成果之大成,综合、吸收并改造了各家之长,建立起自己的思想体系。通过研究荀子思想,可以对先秦哲学思想做系统归纳与细化比较,但是,荀学作为先秦儒学的重要组成部分,其精髓博大精深,涉及到哲学、逻辑、政治、道德等许多方面的内容, 基于本人的实际能力,全面研究实属不易,于是该文以荀子圣人观为切入点来展开对荀学的研究。圣人观是中国哲学研究的一个重要部分,在先秦哲学研究中尤为突出。对荀子学说的研究涉及到很多方面,但荀子圣人论的研究甚少,没有系统全面地展开,本人学力有限,但不揣冒昧,愿在诸多先贤学术研究的基础上对荀子圣人论作认真细致的探讨,以期获得对荀子更加全面、深刻的认识。荀子圣人论研究的意义可归纳为三点:一,通过探索荀子圣人论的思想渊源,有助于对孔孟荀的圣人思想做系统掌握和细化比较;二,通过对荀子思想的归纳分类有助于从人格角度来剖析“圣人”的内圣外王之道;三,通过分析现实状况与荀子圣人之治的研究有助于寻求解决当今社会问题之方法,进而将其圣人之道发扬下去。本文研究内容概括地分为五个部分。首先,在引言部分将荀子思想放在了春秋战国时期的时代和思想背景下进行探讨研究;其次,论述了圣人论思想渊源,其中列举并简单对比了孔孟荀思想观点,试图从整体角度纵向比较进而得出异同之处;再次,从修身方面入手论述荀子天道观、学习观、人性论、礼论及认识论思想,试图对荀子思想做全面分析;第四,圣人的兴起以及对圣人的完善美化,都是为表达对治理天下的构想,故继内圣之后论述了圣人的外王之道,以期更全方位地理解荀子思想;最后,结合当代社会问题展开思考,荀子完善美化圣人的终极目标就是为了构建良好的社会秩序,这也正符合当代社会的需求,因此如何使国人在信仰危机中寻找生命意义的根源和心灵的寄托,如何使工具理性和价值理性适当结合,这对当前构建社会主义和谐社会具有非常重要的启示作用,于是该部分试图从当代社会角度将荀子思想活学活用,寻求解决当世之道。关键词先秦儒家圣人荀子 Abstract II Abstract Xun Kuang, as an integrator of criticism on the philosophy in Pre-Qin period, on the basis of the previous Confucia n Schools, reviewed the thought and academic achievements of various schools, synthesizing and adopti ng and innovating the me rits of each school, establishes his own ideological system. Via the study of his thought, the philosophical thought in Pre-Qin period can be induced systematically pared with details. But, as an ponent of Pre-Qin Confucian School, the essence of Xun Zi concerns philosophy, logic, pokitics, morals, etc.. A study of Xun Zi at all leve ls is beyond the writer. Thus, his thought of Sage is adopted as the perspective of the research. As an important part of Chinese philosophy, the thought of Sage is more eminent in the study of Pre-Qin philosophy. Among the diverse study of Xun Zi, the focus on his thought of Sage is rare, let alone the systematic study. Ba sed on the careful exploration and discussion of the previous academic achievements, the writer is bold to touch the topic for a further and prehensive understanding of Xun Zi. The