热浪对人体健康影响的研究进展.pdf

Progress 研究进展
热浪对人体健康影响的研究进展
田颖1, 2 张书余2, 3 罗斌1 马守存1 周骥1
(1 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京 210044;2 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,兰州 730020;
3 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州 730020)
摘要:热浪对人体健康影响显著,随着全球变暖,其发生频率、强度还会继续增加。通过对国内外研究的概述,发现热
浪期间发热、中暑、心脑血管疾病、呼吸道疾病、精神病、部分传染病等疾病发病率、热相关死亡率增加,老年人、儿
童及一些慢性病患者更易受影响;影响程度与热浪特征、社会因素、行为因素及空气污染有关,并存在“滞后效应”和
“收获效应”。另外,简要介绍了主要的热浪研究方法。目前,对热浪研究主要集中于统计学方法,动物实验和人群实
验研究比较少,对此,今后应更注重通过实验方法研究热浪对人体各类疾病的影响。
关键词:热浪,疾病,死亡率,流行病学特征
DOI:.2095-
Research Progress in Impact of Heat Wave on Human Health
Tian Ying1, 2, Zhang Shuyu2, 3, Luo Bin1, Ma Shoucun1, Zhou Ji1
(1 College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
2 Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorological, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020
3 Key Laboratories of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020)
Abstract: Heat wave has a significant impact on human health. The on-going climate change is predicted to yield a growing
number of heat waves which will be aggravated in both intensity and frequency. In this paper, the increasing incidence of
mortality and morbidity of many diseases such as fever, heat stroke, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, mental illness,
some infectious diseases and others during heat wave was reviewed, especially the elderly, childre