英汉翻译理论与实践
翻译理论与实践
英译汉常用的方法和技巧:(7)
被动句的译法:
1)译成被动句
2)译成主动句
试译下列句子:
1. The compass was invented by Chinese long ago.
2. The solution to the problem was finally found.
3. That question needn’t be brought in.
4. Those who died for the country will be remembered forever by the people.
5. He was very naughty and would be beaten almost every day.
1. The compass was invented by Chinese long ago.
很久以前,中国人发明了指南针。
2. The solution to the problem was finally found.
这个问题的解决办法终于找到了。
3. That question needn’t be brought in.
不必把这个问题牵扯进来。
4. Those who died for the country will be remembered forever by the people.
那些为国捐躯的人们将被人民永久缅怀。
5. He was very naughty and would be beaten almost every day.
他很顽皮,几乎天天挨揍。
6. The pop song is being taught over the radio.
7. Rivers are controlled by dams.
8. All those who work hard should be encouraged.
9. These products are made in our country.
10. 昨晚我盖了两条被子。
6. The pop song is being taught over the radio.
广播里正在教唱这首流行歌曲。
7. Rivers are controlled by dams.
拦河坝把河流控制住了。
8. All those who work hard should be encouraged.
所有努力工作的人都应得到鼓励。
9. These products are made in our country.
这些产品是我国制造的。
10. 昨晚我盖了两条被子。
Last night I was covered up with two quilts.
英语中被动语态使用范围很广。凡说不出施动者、不必说出施动者、不愿说出施动者或为了便于上下文连贯等,往往都用被动语态。
大量使用被动句是科技英语的一大特点。据统计,在科技文体中,被动句的使用频率比其他文体要大四倍。
汉语中虽也有被动语态,但使用的频率远不如英语高,范围也不如英语广。
汉语被动式用得比较少,这是汉语的一个特点。据统计,在《水浒》中,一回中只发现“被”字二三处;而在《红楼梦》中,则二三十回中,才见一处。
“五四” 运动前,“被” 往往与对动作承受者有不利影响的动词连用,如 “被迫害” ,“被腐蚀” 等。
但由于外来语的影响,汉语中 “被” 字的使用才趋向增加。
吕叔湘在《现代汉语语法讲话》中说“被”字句主要是说明主语有所遭受,不是自愿的,因此常表示不愉快,不幸,不愿意一类的行为。
例如:“花被他们拿走了。” 其含义有“不情愿” 的意思。
而 “花他们拿走了。” 含义有 “本来就让他们来拿” 的意思。
英译汉常用的方法和技巧被动句的译法 来自淘豆网m.daumloan.com转载请标明出处.